In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on promoting China's new digital infrastructure, promote the high-quality development of China's Electronic Information Engineering Science and technology, help the scientific development of digital infrastructure, and drive the growth of new economic momentum. On April 26, the Department of information and electronics, Chinese Academy of engineering, and China information and Electronic Engineering Science and Technology Development Strategy Research Center issued the "16th National Congress of technology challenges (2020)" in Chinese Academy of Engineering (hereinafter referred to as "challenges").

"Challenge" analyzes the technical challenges faced by 16 fields of Electronic Information Engineering Science and technology in China

1. Microelectronics and Optoelectronics

Moore's law is constantly approaching the limits of physics and technology. New structures, new devices, new materials, new processes and new packages are the important challenges for the short board, extended board and sustainable development in this field. At present, the miniaturization, high speed, low cost, low power consumption, multi-function, optoelectronic integration and intellectualization of the photonic integration and optoelectronic integrated chip technology, such as the receiving, transmitting, modulating and amplifying of laser for communication, are the important challenges facing the short board, extended board and sustainable development in this field.

2. Optical Engineering

Many creatures in nature have the optical perception ability which is incomparable with the current artificial system. How to simulate the tunable, wide spectrum, wide field of vision, anti reflection and stealth vision system of these organisms, and how to endow the mechanism and function of intelligent perception of these organisms and their groups to artificial intelligence system, so as to improve the dynamic perception and processing ability of bionic optics under strong background interference are important challenges.

3. Perception

Remote sensing technology is developing in the direction of active and passive combination and miniaturization of high repetition period observation, combining with the intelligent processing technology of image information to promote the wide application of remote sensing information; the rapid development of information technology is promoting the research and development of digital and intelligent sensors. "Intelligent sensor with independent acquisition, data processing, transmission and security management capabilities" is an important challenge in this field.

4. Measurement and instrument

Through the implementation of the international system of units based on the redefinition of "constant", China's measurement system is undergoing a historic change from a multi-layer pyramid structure to a flat one, which directly promotes the national measurement system to stride in the direction of digitization, networking and intelligence, and supports the sustained and high-quality development of China's science and technology, industry, health and national defense, In particular, it is an important challenge in this field to accelerate the development and production of measurement standards and instruments for life safety and Biosafety to meet the urgent needs of the country.

5. Electromagnetic space

Electromagnetic spectrum has become one of the main activity space and competitive resources of human society in the information age and intelligent age. The number, type and frequency of users are increasing explosively. Electromagnetic space detection, sensing, communication transmission, control and other system forms and technical systems are gradually integrated. To achieve intelligent full spectrum and multi integrated spectrum sensing, high frequency and broadband efficient spectrum utilization, dynamic and fine frequency management and control, as well as high integration and low cost of system equipment are important challenges in this field.

6. Network and communication

Due to the limitation of available spectrum resources and key optoelectronic devices, the capacity of mobile communication and optical fiber communication has been improved slowly. With the explosive growth of network traffic and the great demand for full coverage of the sky and sea, the technology leapfrogging is in urgent need of breakthrough theory and technology. Under the pressure and drive of the great complexity, huge capacity, large connection, wide coverage, high reliability, low energy consumption and low cost brought by the interconnection of people, network and things, and the deep integration of network and various industries, network architecture, service quality, user experience, security and reliability are the important challenges in this field.

7. Network security

In the face of fierce competition for network power among countries, "to maintain network security sovereignty, we need to innovate an active and adaptive multi-layer linkage technology system, build an active defense barrier with quick attack and intelligence against intelligence, break through the key technology of" defending against attacks "and form the ability of threat perception and attack prediction based on ourselves" is an important challenge in this field.

8. Underwater acoustic engineering

Aiming at the complex and changeable marine environment, it is an important challenge to carry out underwater network acoustic observation to obtain the laws of underwater acoustic environment and underwater target acoustic information, and realize the autonomous control of underwater information by means of real-time information transmission and big data information processing.

9. Electromagnetic field and electromagnetic environment effect

With the wide application of 5g, artificial intelligence, Internet of things, big data in high-speed communication, unmanned system, industrial Internet, advanced energy, advanced aerospace and other fields, all kinds of equipment are facing severe electromagnetic safety problems. Breaking through the shackles of traditional thinking and methods, establishing new theories of electromagnetic environmental effects and protection, developing new technologies, new materials and new devices, and improving the electromagnetic environmental adaptability and electromagnetic balance ability of information electronics and its applications in China are important challenges in this field.

10. Control

"In the uncertain and complex dynamic environment of intelligent manufacturing, unmanned driving, deep space and deep sea, how to use the theory, technology and system of the integration of automation and artificial intelligence to realize autonomous intelligent control, human-machine collaborative optimization decision-making, decision-making and control for the controlled objects with unclear mechanism and difficult to establish mathematical model, such as major equipment, autonomous moving body and process industrial process?" "Integration" is an important challenge in this field.

11. Cognition

Brain cognition and artificial intelligence are widely used in unmanned system, brain like chip, intelligent vision and other fields. Artificial intelligence technology based on brain cognitive mechanism is an international hotspot. "Multi scale dynamic brain observation, revealing the mechanism of cognitive functions such as memory, emotion and vision, and building the theory and model of artificial intelligence which is easy to generalize, robust and low-power" are important challenges in this field.

12. Computer system and software

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence applications, the explosive growth of data and the increasing complexity of computing models, people's demand for computing power is growing rapidly. Facing the physical constraints of the post Moore era, the architecture, hardware, software and application software of the computing system are faced with important challenges such as high efficiency, high reliability, low energy consumption, agile design, intelligence and application diversity. Intelligent computing has become the basic enabling technology for the transformation of traditional industries and the integration of emerging industries.

13. Computer application

With the deepening of the integration of computer application technology represented by human-computer integration, blockchain, virtual reality and digital twin with all walks of life, the interoperability technology supporting all kinds of industrial equipment, information systems, business processes, enterprise products and services, and personnel becomes more and more complex. Building a more efficient, more human friendly and more intelligent interoperability technology system is an important challenge in this field.

14. Industrial software system

The adaptation between the inherent discreteness of software operation and the inherent continuity of industrial system operation has become the primary problem of industrial basic software such as operating system and middleware. The industrial core software such as high stability 3D geometric engine, engineering analysis simulation solver, electronic design automation, as well as large-scale and highly trusted embedded industrial software and new industrial Internet system software are the leading ones Domain is currently facing important challenges.

15. Dealing with major emergencies (part of information field)

Novel coronavirus pneumonia is benefit by mutual discussion. "How to establish the information platform for three major emergencies, such as the outbreak of new crown pneumonia,", to expand the scope of the economic and social fields, and to integrate the data resources of relevant departments, including medical and health, public security, communications, construction, environmental protection, education, energy, civil affairs, and state-owned enterprises, and to build major emergencies. Big data platform; how to establish a computing environment and platform that can support emergency scientific research in combination with peacetime and wartime, and use it in the research and development of new drugs and vaccines "is an important challenge to deal with major emergencies and improve national governance capacity.

16. New infrastructure

The pace of new infrastructure construction, represented by 5g, data center, industrial Internet, Internet of things and artificial intelligence, has accelerated, and is playing a strategic and leading role in supporting high-quality economic and social development during and after the epidemic. With the acceleration of the construction speed and the continuous expansion of the scale, the new infrastructure in the technical collaboration, large-scale networking, application mode innovation, optoelectronic chips and key software and other core technical support, network security, high reliability and low cost, vertical integration with various industries are the important challenges in this field.

It is understood that the information and Electronic Engineering Department of the Chinese Academy of engineering has been carrying out the research work of "Research on the development of China's Electronic Information Engineering Science and technology" since 2014. Based on the research results, the Department publishes "the latest challenges of China's Electronic Information Engineering Science and technology development" in the first half of each year and "the latest trend of China's Electronic Information Engineering Science and technology development" in the second half of each year, aiming at grasping the challenges for China's scientific and technological personnel It can provide reference for the development trend of electronic information engineering, and provide support for the formulation of the development strategy of Electronic Information Engineering Science and technology in China.

The research work is undertaken by the China information and Electronic Engineering Science and technology development strategy research center jointly established by the Chinese Academy of engineering, the central information office, the Ministry of industry and information technology and China Electronics Technology Group. Yu Shaohua and army academicians are responsible for the work, and more than 300 academicians and experts from various departments participated in the work. On the basis of writing the comprehensive chapter, special topic chapter and several monographs of "Research on the development of China's Electronic Information Engineering Science and technology", the latest challenges and trends of China's Electronic Information Engineering Science and technology development are summarized.

Academician Chen Zuoming, vice president of the Chinese Academy of engineering, said that the current epidemic situation is profoundly changing the global political, economic and social development pattern. As a strategic, basic and leading industry related to the national economy and people's livelihood, information technology should take the lead and help China build an "upgraded version" of digital economy and information governance. In particular, digital infrastructure should be taken as an opportunity to focus on the key and overall situation of the release We should strengthen coordination, integration and overall development, and promote China's information technology to better play the role of engine and link in economic and social development.